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Medical Humanity and Inhumanity in the German-Speaking World is the first volume dedicated to exploring the interface of medicine, the human and the humane in the German-speaking lands. The volume tracks the designation and making through medicine of the human and inhuman, and the humane and inhumane, from the Middle Ages to the present day. Eight individual chapters undertake explorations into ways in which theories and practices of medicine in the German-speaking world have come to define the human, and highlight how such theories and practices have consolidated, or undermined, notions of humane behaviour. Cultural analysis is central to this investigation, foregrounding the reflection, refraction and indeed creation of these theories and practices in literature, life-writing and other discourses and media. Contributors bring to bear perspectives from literary studies, film studies, critical theory, cultural studies, history, and the history of medicine and psychiatry. Thus, this collection is historical in the most expansive sense, for it debates not only what historical accounts bring to our understanding of this topic. It encompasses too investigation of life-writing, documentary, and theory and literary works to bring to light elusive, paradoxical, underexplored - yet vital - issues in history and culture.
Medical ethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects
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The idea for Bioethics in Law began more than a decade ago, while I was studying social science and law. I was parti- larly interested in the collaborations that comprised social s- ence in law. Economic and social data in the pioneering Brandeis brief had been used to defend an early 20th-century labor law; surveys of consumer confusion had helped resolve trademark - fringement cases; psychologists’ predictions of future violence had informed capital sentencing decisions. Additionally, Kenneth Clark’s “doll studies,” cited by the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education, had helped change the course of American 1 history. During that time, however, I was most intensely interested in bioethics, a relatively young field whose relationships to law had not been well analyzed. I wondered whether there could or should be a bioethics in law, because bioethics, unlike the social sciences, was not only in its infancy, but also had distinctly normative features, which might not mesh easily with law’s own normativity.
Medical laws and legislation --- Judicial process --- Medical jurisprudence --- Bioethics --- Medical ethics. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects
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bioethics --- social sciences --- medical humanities --- Bioethics --- Medical ethics --- Bioethics. --- Medical ethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Biology --- Life sciences --- Life sciences ethics --- Science --- Moral and ethical aspects
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Focusing on publication ethics as an essential aspect of responsible scientific conduct, Ethical Issues in Biomedical Publication examines a variety of troublesome issues, including authorship, peer review, repetitive publication, conflict of interest, and electronic publishing. The contributors include the editors of distinguished biomedical journals (among them, past or present editors of Academic Medicine, Annals of Internal Medicine, British Medical Journal, JAMA, and the Lancet), humanities scholars, scientists, lawyers, and a university administrator. Chapters address specific ethical issues and offer recommendations for preventing or solving problems associated with them. The result is a book that will serve as a standard reference for biomedical researchers, authors, editors, and teachers of research ethics. "Educators, administrators, scientists, editors, and students should all welcome this comprehensive new book. Anne Hudson Jones and Faith McLellan have gathered a veritable who's who in the field of publication ethics for biomedical research. All those with a stake in biomedical research will surely want this volume on their bookshelf."-from the Foreword by Jordan J. Cohen, M.D., President, Association of American Medical Colleges. Focusing on publication ethics as an essential aspect of responsible scientific conduct, this text examines a variety of troublesome issues, including authorship, peer review, repetitive publication, conflict of interest and electronic publishing. The book includes solutions for problems. When the editors of two of the most prominent medical journals in the world-the New England Journal of Medicine and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)-were fired in the same year, under circumstances that ranged from acrimonious to politically sensational, media attention again focused on biomedical publication. The controversy highlighted yet another ethical dimension of scientific research and its publication, topics that have generated intense scrutiny in recent years. As research funding has become scarcer and competition fiercer, with links between scientific discovery and commercial applications increasingly tighter and more lucrative, allegations of misconduct have also increased. Universities and research institutions, notably the NIH, have created offices of scientific integrity and mandated educational programs to investigate such allegations and to train researchers in the highest standards of sound, ethical scientific research.
Medical publishing --- Medical ethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Medical literature --- Life science publishing --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Publishing
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Sinds het begin van de jaren '80 wordt de gezondheidsethiek gedomineerd door de principebenadering welke zijn theoretisch fundament vindt in de vier opeenvolgende edities van de Principles of Biomedical Ethics van de Amerikaanse bio-ethici Tom Beauchamp en James Childress. Centraal in deze benadering staan vier clusters van principes die ten grondslag liggen aan medische beslissingen: respect voor autonomie, weldoen, niet-schaden en rechtvaardigheid. In het verlengde van de principebenadering wordt in de klinische praktijk een drievoudige methodiek gehanteerd die sturing moet geven aan het medisch beslissingsproces. Deze methodiek schrijft drie stappen voor: explicitering, analyse en afweging. In een eerste stap moet de ethische dimensie van een medisch probleem worden geëxpliciteerd. Daarna volgt de analyse van het probleem in termen van de vier principes en in een derde stap worden deze principes dan tegenover elkaar afgewogen. Zowel in de V.S. als op het Europese continent leeft er heel wat onvrede over de principebenadering en het `stappenplan'. Deze worden de ene keer bestempeld als te procedureel en te sterk autonomiegericht en de andere keer als te weinig verankerd in een omvattende visie op zorg of te arbitrair. Vanuit verschillende hoeken worden dan ook alternatieve gezondheidsethische benaderingen geformuleerd. Met Ethiek in de kliniek brengt Guy Widdershoven op een heldere en toegankelijke manier een aantal van deze alternatieven in kaart. (1) In de fenomenologische benadering staat het vermogen van de mens om betekenis te geven aan zijn gesitueerdheid voorop. In tegenstelling tot de principebenadering die werkt met het negatieve vrijheidsbegrip, staat hier autonomie als positieve vrijheid centraal. Hierdoor wordt de relatie tussen patiënt en hulpverlener gewijzigd: interventies van hulpverleners dienen te kaderen in het proces van betekenisgeving. (2) De narratieve ethiek gaat ervan uit dat mensen eenheid in hun leven brengen door narrativiteit. Het opbouwen van de persoonlijke identiteit is geen kwestie van bewuste afwegingen maar gebeurt veeleer in de vorm van verhalen. Hulpverleners moeten in dit narratieve proces stappen waarin niet reflectie maar doorleefde betrokkenheid centraal staat. Artsen, verpleegkundigen, verzorgenden en familieleden moeten betrokken zijn op de verhalen van patiënten door te luisteren en ze, desgevallend, mee helpen vorm te geven. Het is deze narratieve structuur die moet bijdragen tot het bereiken van het goede. Vanuit een narratief perspectief wordt, net zoals in de fenomenologische benadering, de autonomie van de patiënt dan ook begrepen als positieve vrijheid. (3) De hermeneutiek beschouwt medische besluitvorming vanuit een dialogaal perspectief. Hierbij gaat men uit van de morele ervaring van de betrokkenen. De impliciete waardenoriëntaties die meespelen bij eenieder die in het zorgproces betrokken is, dienen te worden verhelderd en met elkaar te worden geconfronteerd. Ethische beslissingen krijgen met andere woorden vorm doorheen een kritische dialoog met de praktijk. (4) Het dialogaal model is nog prominenter aanwezig in de discoursethiek. Alleen normen die het resultaat zijn van een vrije discussie tussen alle betrokkenen kunnen hier aanspraak maken op geldigheid. Deze benadering vereist van de hulpverlener een actieve en communicatieve opstelling ten opzichte van alle betrokken partijen. Voorts onderstreept ze ook het belang van de werking van ethische commissies die, via een overlegproces met alle betrokkenen, komen tot nieuwe perspectieven op ethische kwesties. (5) In de zorgethiek tenslotte, wordt uitgegaan van praktische betrokkenheid en engagement. In plaats van autonomie als negatieve vrijheid te bepalen, hanteert men een mensbeeld dat gebaseerd is op intersubjectieve verbondenheid. Hierbij staan niet de rechten en plichten maar wel de ervaring van zorgzaamheid centraal. Van de hulpverlener wordt dan ook in de eerste plaats aandacht en responsiviteit verwacht. Terwijl we de principebenadering kunnen karakteriseren als individualistisch, rationeel en principieel, toont Widdershoven met deze vijf alternatieven ons een andersoortige ethiek die veel meer intersubjectief, deliberatief en praktisch is. Doordat ze expliciet maken wat elders impliciet blijft, overlappen de verschillende alternatieve gezondheidsethische benaderingen elkaar. In onderlinge combinatie zijn ze dan ook een mogelijke aanzet voor een stevig filosofisch gefundeerd alternatief voor het paradigma van de principebenadering. Dit is dan ook één van de belangrijkste kwaliteiten van Ethiek in de kliniek. Door het boek daarnaast rijk te stofferen met praktische voorbeelden, erkent de auteur bovendien dat gezondheidsethische problemen niet in algemene termen kunnen worden opgelost maar dat zinvolle antwoorden steeds een sterke betrokkenheid bij de alledaagse praktijk van de gezondheidszorg vereisen.
WB 60 Bioethics. Clinical ethics. Clinical ethics committees --- 174.2 --- #GBIB:CBMER --- #GGSB: Moraaltheologie (algemeen) --- 351.77 --- 061 Ethische problemen --- 670 Gezondheid --- Medische ethiek --- 603.1 --- communicatie --- ethiek --- euthanasie --- geestelijke gezondheid --- geneeskunde --- gezondheidszorg --- intimiteit --- medische ethiek --- medische technologie --- orgaandonor --- psychogeriatrie --- sterven --- 614.25 --- Bioethiek --- Moraal (ethiek) --- 174.2 Beroepsmoraal van de artsen. Medische beroepsethiek --- Beroepsmoraal van de artsen. Medische beroepsethiek --- Ethique médicale --- arts-patiëntrelatie --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- Concerns, rights, duties of doctors --- relation médecin-patient --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- Medical law --- Professional ethics. Deontology --- Moraaltheologie (algemeen)
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Medical ethics --- Ethics, Clinical --- Ethics --- Ethique médicale --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Ethics, Clinical. --- Ethics. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Medical ethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Medical Ethics --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Clinical Ethics --- Clinical Medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects --- ethics --- medical ethics --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Professionalism --- Censorship, Research --- Ethicists --- Ethics Committees, Clinical --- Ethics Consultation --- Medical Ethics & Philosophy --- Professional ethics. Deontology
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La stabilità della funzione è stato il concetto di riferimento da C. Bernard ad oggi, sia per la biologia che per la medicina clinica. Solo di recente, pero', due fisici illustri, Gregoire Nicolis ed Ilya Prigogine, Premio Nobel per la Fisica nel 1978, hanno offerto una descrizione completa della stabilità della variabile, e pertanto di uno stato funzionale, in termini cosi' chiari, precisi ed esaurienti, da poter essere applicata anche in ambito biologico. I concetti, prima confusi, su cui basavamo il nostro pensare, ora si dispongono secondo un senso accettabile, e dal significato appena acquisito già richiamano l'attenzione sul possibile ordine emergente. Il presente volume offre un approccio multidisciplinare ad un argomento biologico: dalla teoria dei sistemi e dalla termodinamica del lontano dall'equilibrio fino agli stati funzionali del sonno, della veglia e dell'esercizio muscolare. Semplicità di descrizione, precisione delle definizioni ed abbondanza di illustrazioni, renderanno facile al lettore lo studio della stabilità dei sistemi complessi e la comprensione di come il sistema nervoso autonomo controlli questa stabilità.
Homeostasis. --- Autonomic nervous system --- Physiology. --- Involuntary nervous system --- Nervous system, Autonomic --- Nervous system, Vegetative --- Systema nervosum autonomicum --- Vegetative nervous system --- Nervous system --- Biological control systems --- Body fluids --- Physiology --- Neurology. --- Medical ethics. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Neuropsychiatry --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Diseases --- Neurology .
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"In nine lively essays, bioethicist J. David Velleman challenges the prevailing consensus about assisted suicide and reproductive technology, articulating an original approach to the ethics of creating and ending human lives. He argues that assistance in dying is appropriate only at the point where talk of suicide is not, and he raises moral objections to anonymous donor conception. In their place, Velleman champions a morality of valuing personhood over happiness in making end-of-life decisions, and respecting the personhood of future children in making decisions about procreation. These controversial views are defended with philosophical rigor while remaining accessible to the general reader. Written over Velleman's 30 years of undergraduate teaching in bioethics, the essays have never before been collected and made available to a non-academic audience. They will open new lines of debate on issues of intense public interest."--Publisher's website.
Bioethics. --- Biology --- Biomedical ethics --- Life sciences --- Life sciences ethics --- Science --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Bioethics --- Medical ethics --- E-books --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- dood --- mort --- medical ethics --- bioethics --- donor conception --- assisted suicide --- death and dying --- euthanasia --- reproductive technology --- Immanuel Kant --- Parent
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Professional ethics. Deontology --- Human medicine --- Ethics, Medical. --- #GBIB:CBMER --- moraalfilosofie --- bio-ethiek (medische, biomedische ethiek, bio-ethische aspecten) --- drugs --- Medical Ethics --- Medicine --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- philosophie morale --- bioéthique (éthique médicale, biomédicale, aspects bioéthiques) --- drogues --- ethics --- Medical ethics. --- Ethics --- medical --- medical. --- Medical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects
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The complexity of the modern world has led to increasing professional specialization. Experts in a variety of fields, including ethics, offer advice and solutions. But where professional expertise often involves mastering certain facts, ethics expertise is distinct. It is not clear, for example, whether moral expertise consists of knowledge of right and wrong, the ability to articulate implications of moral premises, or the display of an outstanding character oneself. This volume examines philosophical conceptions of ethics expertise from both historical and contemporary perspectives, including applications of ethics expertise in such areas as bioethics consultation, expert witnessing and policy making. It will be of interest to scholars of moral philosophy as well as contemporary practitioners in many areas of bioethics.
Medical ethics. --- Bioethics. --- Medicine --- Philosophy. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Medical logic --- Biology --- Life sciences --- Life sciences ethics --- Science --- Philosophy (General). --- Ethics. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Philosophy, general. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities
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